NuExtract 2.0 4B by NuMind 📈📈📈

NuExtract 2.0 is a family of models trained specifically for structured information extraction tasks. It supports both multimodal inputs and is multilingual.

We provide several versions of different sizes, all based on pre-trained models from the QwenVL family.

❗️Note: NuExtract-2.0-2B is based on Qwen2-VL rather than Qwen2.5-VL because the smallest Qwen2.5-VL model (3B) has a more restrictive, non-commercial license. We therefore include NuExtract-2.0-2B as a small model option that can be used commercially.

Benchmark

Performance on collection of ~1,000 diverse extraction examples containing both text and image inputs.

Overview

To use the model, provide an input text/image and a JSON template describing the information you need to extract. The template should be a JSON object, specifying field names and their expected type.

Support types include:

• verbatim-string - instructs the model to extract text that is present verbatim in the input.
• string - a generic string field that can incorporate paraphrasing/abstraction.
• integer - a whole number.
• number - a whole or decimal number.
• date-time - ISO formatted date.
• Array of any of the above types (e.g. ["string"])
• enum - a choice from set of possible answers (represented in template as an array of options, e.g. ["yes", "no", "maybe"]).
• multi-label - an enum that can have multiple possible answers (represented in template as a double-wrapped array, e.g. [["A", "B", "C"]]).

If the model does not identify relevant information for a field, it will return null or [] (for arrays and multi-labels).

The following is an example template:

{
  "first_name": "verbatim-string",
  "last_name": "verbatim-string",
  "description": "string",
  "age": "integer",
  "gpa": "number",
  "birth_date": "date-time",
  "nationality": ["France", "England", "Japan", "USA", "China"],
  "languages_spoken": [["English", "French", "Japanese", "Mandarin", "Spanish"]]
}

An example output:

{
  "first_name": "Susan",
  "last_name": "Smith",
  "description": "A student studying computer science.",
  "age": 20,
  "gpa": 3.7,
  "birth_date": "2005-03-01",
  "nationality": "England",
  "languages_spoken": ["English", "French"]
}

⚠️ We recommend using NuExtract with a temperature at or very close to 0. Some inference frameworks, such as Ollama, use a default of 0.7 which is not well suited to many extraction tasks.

Using NuExtract with 🤗 Transformers

import torch
from transformers import AutoProcessor, AutoModelForVision2Seq

model_name = "numind/NuExtract-2.0-2B"
# model_name = "numind/NuExtract-2.0-8B"

model = AutoModelForVision2Seq.from_pretrained(model_name, 
                                               trust_remote_code=True, 
                                               torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
                                               attn_implementation="flash_attention_2",
                                               device_map="auto")
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(model_name, 
                                          trust_remote_code=True, 
                                          padding_side='left',
                                          use_fast=True)

# You can set min_pixels and max_pixels according to your needs, such as a token range of 256-1280, to balance performance and cost.
# min_pixels = 256*28*28
# max_pixels = 1280*28*28
# processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(model_name, min_pixels=min_pixels, max_pixels=max_pixels)

You will need the following function to handle loading of image input data:

def process_all_vision_info(messages, examples=None):
    """
    Process vision information from both messages and in-context examples, supporting batch processing.
    
    Args:
        messages: List of message dictionaries (single input) OR list of message lists (batch input)
        examples: Optional list of example dictionaries (single input) OR list of example lists (batch)
    
    Returns:
        A flat list of all images in the correct order:
        - For single input: example images followed by message images
        - For batch input: interleaved as (item1 examples, item1 input, item2 examples, item2 input, etc.)
        - Returns None if no images were found
    """
    from qwen_vl_utils import process_vision_info, fetch_image
    
    # Helper function to extract images from examples
    def extract_example_images(example_item):
        if not example_item:
            return []
            
        # Handle both list of examples and single example
        examples_to_process = example_item if isinstance(example_item, list) else [example_item]
        images = []
        
        for example in examples_to_process:
            if isinstance(example.get('input'), dict) and example['input'].get('type') == 'image':
                images.append(fetch_image(example['input']))
                
        return images
    
    # Normalize inputs to always be batched format
    is_batch = messages and isinstance(messages[0], list)
    messages_batch = messages if is_batch else [messages]
    is_batch_examples = examples and isinstance(examples, list) and (isinstance(examples[0], list) or examples[0] is None)
    examples_batch = examples if is_batch_examples else ([examples] if examples is not None else None)
    
    # Ensure examples batch matches messages batch if provided
    if examples and len(examples_batch) != len(messages_batch):
        if not is_batch and len(examples_batch) == 1:
            # Single example set for a single input is fine
            pass
        else:
            raise ValueError("Examples batch length must match messages batch length")
    
    # Process all inputs, maintaining correct order
    all_images = []
    for i, message_group in enumerate(messages_batch):
        # Get example images for this input
        if examples and i < len(examples_batch):
            input_example_images = extract_example_images(examples_batch[i])
            all_images.extend(input_example_images)
        
        # Get message images for this input
        input_message_images = process_vision_info(message_group)[0] or []
        all_images.extend(input_message_images)
    
    return all_images if all_images else None

E.g. To perform a basic extraction of names from a text document:

template = """{"names": ["string"]}"""
document = "John went to the restaurant with Mary. James went to the cinema."

# prepare the user message content
messages = [{"role": "user", "content": document}]
text = processor.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    messages,
    template=template, # template is specified here
    tokenize=False,
    add_generation_prompt=True,
)

print(text)
""""<|im_start|>user
# Template:
{"names": ["string"]}
# Context:
John went to the restaurant with Mary. James went to the cinema.<|im_end|> 
<|im_start|>assistant"""

image_inputs = process_all_vision_info(messages)
inputs = processor(
    text=[text],
    images=image_inputs,
    padding=True,
    return_tensors="pt",
).to("cuda")

# we choose greedy sampling here, which works well for most information extraction tasks
generation_config = {"do_sample": False, "num_beams": 1, "max_new_tokens": 2048}

# Inference: Generation of the output
generated_ids = model.generate(
    **inputs,
    **generation_config
)
generated_ids_trimmed = [
    out_ids[len(in_ids) :] for in_ids, out_ids in zip(inputs.input_ids, generated_ids)
]
output_text = processor.batch_decode(
    generated_ids_trimmed, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False
)

print(output_text)
# ['{"names": ["John", "Mary", "James"]}']

To do so, we can provide a list examples (dictionaries of input/output pairs). In the example below, we show to the model that we want the extracted names to be in captial letters with - on either side (for the sake of illustration). Usually providing multiple examples will lead to better results.

template = """{"names": ["string"]}"""
document = "John went to the restaurant with Mary. James went to the cinema."
examples = [
    {
        "input": "Stephen is the manager at Susan's store.",
        "output": """{"names": ["-STEPHEN-", "-SUSAN-"]}"""
    }
]

messages = [{"role": "user", "content": document}]
text = processor.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    messages,
    template=template,
    examples=examples, # examples provided here
    tokenize=False,
    add_generation_prompt=True,
)

image_inputs = process_all_vision_info(messages, examples)
inputs = processor(
    text=[text],
    images=image_inputs,
    padding=True,
    return_tensors="pt",
).to("cuda")

# we choose greedy sampling here, which works well for most information extraction tasks
generation_config = {"do_sample": False, "num_beams": 1, "max_new_tokens": 2048}

# Inference: Generation of the output
generated_ids = model.generate(
    **inputs,
    **generation_config
)
generated_ids_trimmed = [
    out_ids[len(in_ids) :] for in_ids, out_ids in zip(inputs.input_ids, generated_ids)
]
output_text = processor.batch_decode(
    generated_ids_trimmed, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False
)
print(output_text)
# ['{"names": ["-JOHN-", "-MARY-", "-JAMES-"]}']

You can also specify an image URL (e.g. {"type": "image", "image": "http://path/to/your/image.jpg"}) or base64 encoding (e.g. {"type": "image", "image": "data:image;base64,/9j/..."}).

template = """{"store": "verbatim-string"}"""
document = {"type": "image", "image": "file://1.jpg"}

messages = [{"role": "user", "content": [document]}]
text = processor.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    messages,
    template=template,
    tokenize=False,
    add_generation_prompt=True,
)

image_inputs = process_all_vision_info(messages)
inputs = processor(
    text=[text],
    images=image_inputs,
    padding=True,
    return_tensors="pt",
).to("cuda")

generation_config = {"do_sample": False, "num_beams": 1, "max_new_tokens": 2048}

# Inference: Generation of the output
generated_ids = model.generate(
    **inputs,
    **generation_config
)
generated_ids_trimmed = [
    out_ids[len(in_ids) :] for in_ids, out_ids in zip(inputs.input_ids, generated_ids)
]
output_text = processor.batch_decode(
    generated_ids_trimmed, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False
)
print(output_text)
# ['{"store": "Trader Joe\'s"}']

inputs = [
    # image input with no ICL examples
    {
        "document": {"type": "image", "image": "file://0.jpg"},
        "template": """{"store_name": "verbatim-string"}""",
    },
    # image input with 1 ICL example
    {
        "document": {"type": "image", "image": "file://0.jpg"},
        "template": """{"store_name": "verbatim-string"}""",
        "examples": [
            {
                "input": {"type": "image", "image": "file://1.jpg"},
                "output": """{"store_name": "Trader Joe's"}""",
            }
        ],
    },
    # text input with no ICL examples
    {
        "document": {"type": "text", "text": "John went to the restaurant with Mary. James went to the cinema."},
        "template": """{"names": ["string"]}""",
    },
    # text input with ICL example
    {
        "document": {"type": "text", "text": "John went to the restaurant with Mary. James went to the cinema."},
        "template": """{"names": ["string"]}""",
        "examples": [
            {
                "input": "Stephen is the manager at Susan's store.",
                "output": """{"names": ["STEPHEN", "SUSAN"]}"""
            }
        ],
    },
]

# messages should be a list of lists for batch processing
messages = [
    [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": [x['document']],
        }
    ]
    for x in inputs
]

# apply chat template to each example individually
texts = [
    processor.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
        messages[i],  # Now this is a list containing one message
        template=x['template'],
        examples=x.get('examples', None),
        tokenize=False, 
        add_generation_prompt=True)
    for i, x in enumerate(inputs)
]

image_inputs = process_all_vision_info(messages, [x.get('examples') for x in inputs])
inputs = processor(
    text=texts,
    images=image_inputs,
    padding=True,
    return_tensors="pt",
).to("cuda")

generation_config = {"do_sample": False, "num_beams": 1, "max_new_tokens": 2048}

# Batch Inference
generated_ids = model.generate(**inputs, **generation_config)
generated_ids_trimmed = [
    out_ids[len(in_ids) :] for in_ids, out_ids in zip(inputs.input_ids, generated_ids)
]
output_texts = processor.batch_decode(
    generated_ids_trimmed, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False
)
for y in output_texts:
    print(y)
# {"store_name": "WAL-MART"}
# {"store_name": "Walmart"}
# {"names": ["John", "Mary", "James"]}
# {"names": ["JOHN", "MARY", "JAMES"]}

E.g. convert XML into a NuExtract template:

xml_template = """<SportResult>
    <Date></Date>
    <Sport></Sport>
    <Venue></Venue>
    <HomeTeam></HomeTeam>
    <AwayTeam></AwayTeam>
    <HomeScore></HomeScore>
    <AwayScore></AwayScore>
    <TopScorer></TopScorer>
</SportResult>"""

messages = [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": [{"type": "text", "text": xml_template}],
        }
    ]

text = processor.apply_chat_template(
    messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True,
)

image_inputs = process_all_vision_info(messages)
inputs = processor(
    text=[text],
    images=image_inputs,
    padding=True,
    return_tensors="pt",
).to("cuda")

generated_ids = model.generate(
    **inputs,
    **generation_config
)
generated_ids_trimmed = [
    out_ids[len(in_ids) :] for in_ids, out_ids in zip(inputs.input_ids, generated_ids)
]
output_text = processor.batch_decode(
    generated_ids_trimmed, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False
)

print(output_text[0])
# {
#     "Date": "date-time",
#     "Sport": "verbatim-string",
#     "Venue": "verbatim-string",
#     "HomeTeam": "verbatim-string",
#     "AwayTeam": "verbatim-string",
#     "HomeScore": "integer",
#     "AwayScore": "integer",
#     "TopScorer": "verbatim-string"
# }

E.g. generate a template from natural language description:

description = "I would like to extract important details from the contract."

messages = [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": [{"type": "text", "text": description}],
        }
    ]

text = processor.apply_chat_template(
    messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True,
)

image_inputs = process_all_vision_info(messages)
inputs = processor(
    text=[text],
    images=image_inputs,
    padding=True,
    return_tensors="pt",
).to("cuda")

generated_ids = model.generate(
    **inputs,
    **generation_config
)
generated_ids_trimmed = [
    out_ids[len(in_ids) :] for in_ids, out_ids in zip(inputs.input_ids, generated_ids)
]
output_text = processor.batch_decode(
    generated_ids_trimmed, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False
)

print(output_text[0])
# {
#     "Contract": {
#         "Title": "verbatim-string",
#         "Description": "verbatim-string",
#         "Terms": [
#             {
#                 "Term": "verbatim-string",
#                 "Description": "verbatim-string"
#             }
#         ],
#         "Date": "date-time",
#         "Signatory": "verbatim-string"
#     }
# }

Fine-Tuning

You can find a fine-tuning tutorial notebook in the cookbooks folder of the GitHub repo.

vLLM Deployment

Run the command below to serve an OpenAI-compatible API:

vllm serve numind/NuExtract-2.0-8B --trust_remote_code --limit-mm-per-prompt image=6 --chat-template-content-format openai

If you encounter memory issues, set --max-model-len accordingly.

Send requests to the model as follows:

import json
from openai import OpenAI

openai_api_key = "EMPTY"
openai_api_base = "http://localhost:8000/v1"

client = OpenAI(
    api_key=openai_api_key,
    base_url=openai_api_base,
)

chat_response = client.chat.completions.create(
    model="numind/NuExtract-2.0-8B",
    temperature=0,
    messages=[
        {
            "role": "user", 
            "content": [{"type": "text", "text": "Yesterday I went shopping at Bunnings"}],
        },
    ],
    extra_body={
        "chat_template_kwargs": {
            "template": json.dumps(json.loads("""{\"store\": \"verbatim-string\"}"""), indent=4)
        },
    }
)
print("Chat response:", chat_response)

For image inputs, structure requests as shown below. Make sure to order the images in "content" as they appear in the prompt (i.e. any in-context examples before the main input).

import base64

def encode_image(image_path):
    """
    Encode the image file to base64 string
    """
    with open(image_path, "rb") as image_file:
        return base64.b64encode(image_file.read()).decode('utf-8')

base64_image = encode_image("0.jpg")
base64_image2 = encode_image("1.jpg")

chat_response = client.chat.completions.create(
    model="numind/NuExtract-2.0-8B",
    temperature=0,
    messages=[
        {
            "role": "user", 
            "content": [
                {"type": "image_url", "image_url": {"url": f"data:image/jpeg;base64,{base64_image}"}}, # first ICL example image
                {"type": "image_url", "image_url": {"url": f"data:image/jpeg;base64,{base64_image2}"}}, # real input image
            ],
        },
    ],
    extra_body={
        "chat_template_kwargs": {
            "template": json.dumps(json.loads("""{\"store\": \"verbatim-string\"}"""), indent=4),
            "examples": [
                {
                    "input": "<image>",
                    "output": """{\"store\": \"Walmart\"}"""
                }
            ]
        },
    }
)
print("Chat response:", chat_response)