Model card for model ID
This is a T5 v1.1 model, pre-trained on a Japanese corpus.
Model details
T5 is a Transformer-based Encoder-Decoder model, now in v1.1, with the following improvements over the original T5.
- GEGLU activation in feed-forward hidden layer, rather than ReLU - see https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.05202 .
- Dropout was turned off in pre-training (quality win). Dropout should be re-enabled during fine-tuning.
- no parameter sharing between embedding and classifier layer
- "xl" and "xxl" replace "3B" and "11B". The model shapes are a bit different - larger d_model and smaller num_heads and d_ff.
This model is based on T5 v1.1. It was pre-trained on a Japanese corpus. For the Japanese corpus, Japanese Wikipedia and mC4/ja were used.
Model Description
- Developed by: Retrieva, Inc.
- Model type: T5 v1.1
- Language(s) (NLP): Japanese
- License: CC-BY-SA 4.0 Although commercial use is permitted, we kindly request that you contact us beforehand.
Training Details
We use T5X (https://github.com/google-research/t5x) for the training of this model, and it has been converted to the Huggingface transformer format.
Training Data
The training data used is
- The Japanese part of the multilingual C4(mC4/ja).
- Japanese Wikipedia(20220920).
Preprocessing
The following filtering is done
- Remove documents that do not use a single hiragana character. This removes English-only documents and documents in Chinese.
- Whitelist-style filtering using the top level domain of URL to remove affiliate sites.
Training Hyperparameters
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dropout rate: 0.0
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batch size: 256
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fp32
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input length: 512
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output length: 114
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Otherwise, the default value of T5X (https://github.com/google-research/t5x/blob/main/t5x/examples/t5/t5_1_1/base.gin) is followed, including the following.
- optimizer: Adafactor
- base_learning_rate: 1.0
- warmup steps: 10000
Speeds, Sizes, Times
We trained 2097152 steps.
Technical Specifications
Model Architecture and Objective
Model architecture.
- T5 v1.1(https://github.com/google-research/text-to-text-transfer-transformer/blob/main/released_checkpoints.md#t511)
- Size: Base(~220 million parameters)
Compute Infrastructure
Google Cloud TPU v4-8.
Software
More Information
https://note.com/retrieva/n/n7b4186dc5ada (in Japanese)
Model Card Authors
Jiro Nishitoba