SentenceTransformer based on sentence-transformers/multi-qa-mpnet-base-cos-v1

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from sentence-transformers/multi-qa-mpnet-base-cos-v1 on the mediclaim dataset. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

• Model Type: Sentence Transformer
• Base model: sentence-transformers/multi-qa-mpnet-base-cos-v1
• Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
• Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
• Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
• Training Dataset:
  • mediclaim

Model Sources

• Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
• Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
• Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: MPNetModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("surajvbangera/mediclaim_embedding")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'what kind of coverage is provided by insurance for medical expenses that go beyond the normal amount?',
    'health insurance cover and provides wider health protection for you and your family. In case of higher expenses \ndue to illness or accidents, Extra Care Plus policy takes care of the additional expenses. It is important to consider',
    'Age/\ndeduc-\ntible\n200000 200000 300000 200000 300000 500000 300000 500000 300000 500000 1000000 300000 500000 1000000 300000 500000 1000000\n21-25 6,544 7,011 4,345 10,389 7,490 5,127 9,839 7,283 11,767 9,087 6,289 13,419 10,054 7,343 19,518 16,543 13,717',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Information Retrieval

• Datasets: dim_768, dim_512, dim_256, dim_128 and dim_64
• Evaluated with InformationRetrievalEvaluator

Training Details

Training Dataset

mediclaim

• Dataset: mediclaim at 943cab1
• Size: 956 training samples
• Columns: anchor and positive
• Approximate statistics based on the first 956 samples:

  	anchor	positive
  type	string	string
  details	min: 10 tokensmean: 23.14 tokensmax: 85 tokens	min: 6 tokensmean: 57.2 tokensmax: 135 tokens

• Samples:

  anchor	positive
  Can I get a preventive health check-up covered under my insurance, and if yes, is there a limit to it?	by the Medical Practitioner. vii. The Deductible shall not be applicable on this bene�t. Stay Fit Health Check Up The Insured may avail a health check-up, only for Preventive Test, up to a limit speci�ed in the Policy Schedule, provided
  Which claims are excluded if they don't follow the Transplantation of Human Organs Amendment Bill 2011?	4 CIN: U66010PN2000PLC015329, UIN: BAJHLIP23069V032223 Specific exclusions: 1. Claims which have NOT been admitted under Medical expenses section 2. Claims not in compliance with THE TRANSPLANTATION OF HUMAN ORGANS (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2011
  Will the insurance pay for lawful abortion and related hospital stays?	ii. We will also cover expenses towards lawful medical termination of pregnancy during the Policy period. iii. In patient Hospitalization Expenses of pre-natal and post-natal hospitalization

• Loss: MatryoshkaLoss with these parameters:

  {
      "loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss",
      "matryoshka_dims": [
          768,
          512,
          256,
          128,
          64
      ],
      "matryoshka_weights": [
          1,
          1,
          1,
          1,
          1
      ],
      "n_dims_per_step": -1
  }
  

Evaluation Dataset

mediclaim

• Dataset: mediclaim at 943cab1
• Size: 956 evaluation samples
• Columns: anchor and positive
• Approximate statistics based on the first 956 samples:

  	anchor	positive
  type	string	string
  details	min: 10 tokensmean: 22.4 tokensmax: 62 tokens	min: 6 tokensmean: 56.76 tokensmax: 133 tokens

• Samples:

  anchor	positive
  Is there any refund for medical exams if I get a policy and it's accepted?	• If pre-policy checkup is conducted, 50% of the medical tests charges would be reimbursed, subject to acceptance of proposal and policy issuance.Age of the person to be insuredSum Insured Medical Examination
  Are there any exclusions for coverage of substance abuse treatment or its consequences?	are payable but not the complete claim. 12. T reatment for Alcoholism, drug or substance abuse or any addictive condition and consequences thereof. (Excl12)
  Can you tell me about the medical bills I might have within 90 days after being discharged?	CIN: U66010PN2000PLC015329, UIN:BAJHLIP23069V032223 3 c. Post-hospitalisation expenses The medical expenses incurred in the 90 days immediately after you were discharged, provided that:

• Loss: MatryoshkaLoss with these parameters:

  {
      "loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss",
      "matryoshka_dims": [
          768,
          512,
          256,
          128,
          64
      ],
      "matryoshka_weights": [
          1,
          1,
          1,
          1,
          1
      ],
      "n_dims_per_step": -1
  }
  

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

• eval_strategy: epoch
• per_device_train_batch_size: 32
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 16
• learning_rate: 2e-05
• num_train_epochs: 40
• lr_scheduler_type: cosine
• warmup_ratio: 0.1
• fp16: True
• load_best_model_at_end: True
• optim: adamw_torch_fused
• batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

• overwrite_output_dir: False
• do_predict: False
• eval_strategy: epoch
• prediction_loss_only: True
• per_device_train_batch_size: 32
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
• per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
• per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 16
• eval_accumulation_steps: None
• torch_empty_cache_steps: None
• learning_rate: 2e-05
• weight_decay: 0.0
• adam_beta1: 0.9
• adam_beta2: 0.999
• adam_epsilon: 1e-08
• max_grad_norm: 1.0
• num_train_epochs: 40
• max_steps: -1
• lr_scheduler_type: cosine
• lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
• warmup_ratio: 0.1
• warmup_steps: 0
• log_level: passive
• log_level_replica: warning
• log_on_each_node: True
• logging_nan_inf_filter: True
• save_safetensors: True
• save_on_each_node: False
• save_only_model: False
• restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
• no_cuda: False
• use_cpu: False
• use_mps_device: False
• seed: 42
• data_seed: None
• jit_mode_eval: False
• use_ipex: False
• bf16: False
• fp16: True
• fp16_opt_level: O1
• half_precision_backend: auto
• bf16_full_eval: False
• fp16_full_eval: False
• tf32: None
• local_rank: 0
• ddp_backend: None
• tpu_num_cores: None
• tpu_metrics_debug: False
• debug: []
• dataloader_drop_last: False
• dataloader_num_workers: 0
• dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
• past_index: -1
• disable_tqdm: False
• remove_unused_columns: True
• label_names: None
• load_best_model_at_end: True
• ignore_data_skip: False
• fsdp: []
• fsdp_min_num_params: 0
• fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
• fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
• accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
• deepspeed: None
• label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
• optim: adamw_torch_fused
• optim_args: None
• adafactor: False
• group_by_length: False
• length_column_name: length
• ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
• ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
• ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
• dataloader_pin_memory: True
• dataloader_persistent_workers: False
• skip_memory_metrics: True
• use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
• push_to_hub: False
• resume_from_checkpoint: None
• hub_model_id: None
• hub_strategy: every_save
• hub_private_repo: None
• hub_always_push: False
• gradient_checkpointing: False
• gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
• include_inputs_for_metrics: False
• include_for_metrics: []
• eval_do_concat_batches: True
• fp16_backend: auto
• push_to_hub_model_id: None
• push_to_hub_organization: None
• mp_parameters:
• auto_find_batch_size: False
• full_determinism: False
• torchdynamo: None
• ray_scope: last
• ddp_timeout: 1800
• torch_compile: False
• torch_compile_backend: None
• torch_compile_mode: None
• dispatch_batches: None
• split_batches: None
• include_tokens_per_second: False
• include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
• neftune_noise_alpha: None
• optim_target_modules: None
• batch_eval_metrics: False
• eval_on_start: False
• use_liger_kernel: False
• eval_use_gather_object: False
• average_tokens_across_devices: False
• prompts: None
• batch_sampler: no_duplicates
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

• The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Framework Versions

• Python: 3.11.11
• Sentence Transformers: 3.4.1
• Transformers: 4.48.3
• PyTorch: 2.5.1+cu124
• Accelerate: 1.3.0
• Datasets: 3.3.2
• Tokenizers: 0.21.0

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MatryoshkaLoss

@misc{kusupati2024matryoshka,
    title={Matryoshka Representation Learning},
    author={Aditya Kusupati and Gantavya Bhatt and Aniket Rege and Matthew Wallingford and Aditya Sinha and Vivek Ramanujan and William Howard-Snyder and Kaifeng Chen and Sham Kakade and Prateek Jain and Ali Farhadi},
    year={2024},
    eprint={2205.13147},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.LG}
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}