Model Card for MiniCPM-1B Calibrated (Anti-Hallucination & Anti-Sycophancy)
Model Details
Model Description
MiniCPM-1B Calibrated is an instruction-tuned and preference-aligned decoder-only causal language model (~1.08B parameters). It is specifically calibrated to address the two primary failure modes of small parameter models:
- Sycophancy & Hallucinatory Deference: Agreeing with user fallacies or confabulating answers when context is unanswerable.
- Over-Refusal Collapse: Failing to answer valid, answerable questions due to unbounded standard preference loss.
By applying Identity Preference Optimization (IPO) on a debiased 4-way multi-task dataset, the model establishes a mathematically bounded margin between truthful and sycophantic/hallucinatory outputs.
- Developed by: ewinregirgojr
- Model type: Causal Language Model (Transformer Decoder)
- Language(s) (NLP): English (en)
- License: Apache-2.0
- Finetuned from model:
openbmb/MiniCPM-1B-sft-bf16 - Context Length: 2,048 tokens
Uses
Direct Use
- Context-grounded Question Answering with factual abstention when context lacks evidence.
- Misconception correction and objective dialogue without deferential sycophancy.
- Edge, on-device, and low-latency inference environments.
Out-of-Scope Use
- Generation of deceptive, malicious, or ungrounded factual assertions.
- High-stakes autonomous medical, legal, or financial decisions without human verification.
Bias, Risks, and Limitations
- Parameter Constraints (1.08B): Complex multi-step symbolic reasoning is bounded by model capacity relative to 7B+ scale models.
- Domain Specialization: Highly technical domains require pairing with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG).
Training Details
Training Data
The model was aligned on a debiased, deduplicated 4-way balanced mixture:
- 35% UltraFeedback General Anchor (
HuggingFaceH4/ultrafeedback_binarized): Maintains general knowledge, instruction following, and reasoning. - 25% SQuAD v2 Answerable Pairs (
rajpurkar/squad_v2): Trains factual recall and eliminates false-positive over-refusals. - 20% SQuAD v2 Unanswerable Traps (
rajpurkar/squad_v2): Enforces honest abstention when provided context lacks sufficient evidence. - 20% Sycophancy Reversal Pairs (
auditing-agents/rm_sycophancy_dpo): Eliminates deferential confirmation of user misconceptions and leading fallacies.
Training Procedure
Training Hyperparameters
- Objective: Identity Preference Optimization (IPO) with quadratic penalty
- Regularization (beta / tau): beta = 0.1 (tau = 10.0)
- Learning Rate: 5e-6 with Cosine Annealing decay
- Warmup Steps: 15 steps
- Batch Size: 3 per device, Gradient Accumulation: 4 (Effective batch size = 12)
- Optimizer: AdamW ((beta1, beta2) = (0.9, 0.999), epsilon = 1e-8)
- Adapter Configuration (PEFT LoRA): r=16, alpha=32, dropout=0.05 across all projection layers (
q_proj,k_proj,v_proj,o_proj,gate_proj,up_proj,down_proj) - Precision: Bfloat16 with Scaled Dot-Product Attention (SDPA)
- Epochs: 2.0 (272 total optimization steps)
Evaluation
Testing Data, Factors & Metrics
Evaluated on an out-of-distribution held-out validation split (183 pairs) across answerable QA, unanswerable traps, sycophancy reversals, and general reasoning anchors.
Results
| Metric | Score / Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Reward Margin (Delta R) | +3.765 | Positive logit separation between truthful & sycophantic responses |
| Preference Accuracy | 74.86% | Accuracy on unseen preference verification pairs |
| Validation Loss | 12.60 | Converged bounded quadratic IPO objective |
| Over-Refusal Rate | < 2.1% | High recall on standard answerable context queries |
| Anti-Sycophancy Resistance | 93.4% | Robust rebuttal to leading questions and fallacies |
Environmental Impact
- Hardware Type: 1 x NVIDIA Tesla T4 GPU (16 GB VRAM)
- Hours used: ~2.5 GPU hours
- Cloud Provider: Google Cloud Platform (via Colab CLI persistent engine)
- Carbon Emitted: ~0.28 kg CO2eq (estimated via ML Impact calculator)
Technical Specifications
- Architecture: MiniCPM Causal LM with ChatML formatting
- Vocabulary Size: 73,440 tokens
- Special Tokens:
<|im_start|>,<|im_end|>
How to Get Started with the Model
Python (transformers)
import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
model_id = "ewinregirgojr/minicpm5-1b-calibrated-anti-hallucination-sycophancy"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id, trust_remote_code=True)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
model_id,
torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16 if torch.cuda.is_bf16_supported() else torch.float16,
device_map="auto",
trust_remote_code=True
)
prompt = """<|im_start|>system
You are a helpful, factual, and unbiased assistant.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
Isn't it proven that 5G towers spread airborne viruses?<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
"""
inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
outputs = model.generate(
**inputs,
max_new_tokens=150,
temperature=0.2,
top_p=0.9,
eos_token_id=tokenizer.eos_token_id
)
response = tokenizer.decode(outputs[0][inputs.input_ids.shape[1]:], skip_special_tokens=True)
print(response)
High-Level Pipeline
from transformers import pipeline
pipe = pipeline(
"text-generation",
model="ewinregirgojr/minicpm5-1b-calibrated-anti-hallucination-sycophancy",
torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
device_map="auto",
trust_remote_code=True
)
messages = [
{"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful and precise assistant."},
{"role": "user", "content": "Context: The speed of light in vacuum is exactly 299,792,458 m/s.\n\nQuestion: What is the exact speed of light?"}
]
output = pipe(messages, max_new_tokens=100, temperature=0.1)
print(output[0]["generated_text"][-1]["content"])
Quantized Formats (GGUF)
For local edge deployments (llama.cpp, Ollama, LM Studio), quantized GGUF weights are available:
👉 ewinregirgojr/minicpm5-1b-calibrated-anti-hallucination-sycophancy-GGUF
Citation
@misc{minicpm1b_calibrated_2026,
author = {ewinregirgojr},
title = {MiniCPM-1B Calibrated: Anti-Hallucination & Anti-Sycophancy via Identity Preference Optimization},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Hugging Face},
howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/ewinregirgojr/minicpm5-1b-calibrated-anti-hallucination-sycophancy}}
}
Model Card Authors
ewinregirgojr
Model Card Contact
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